Chlamydia is a gram-negative, non-motile and coccoid bacteria that acts as a parasite of eukaryotes. The organism is obligate intracellular with no energy synthesizing molecules (ATP) as it lacks the biosynthetic and metabolic pathways. Its interdependence with the host makes it to be mistaken to be a virus. The virion structure of Chlamydia consists of a combination of proteins, RNA and DNA (Byrne, 2010). Moreover, the iodine stain makes the bacterial sample to be more distinct while under Electron microscope analysis.Virulence factorsVirulence factors are the substances produced by the microorganisms to help in attachment to various surfaces. Chlamydia lacks muramic acid in its cell wall, a characteristic which increases its resistance to antibiotics of the lactam group. To explain this factor, the antibiotics of this group majorly disrupt any typical cell wall with muramic acid included. Moreover, the bacterial cell wall contains lipopolysaccharides that react against the host?s immune system to cause damage. Chlamydia binds sialic acid receptors embedded in the mucous membrane once inside the host. Too important to note, is the antigen variation factor contained by the bacteria which is known to have 15 serotypes (Byrne, 2010).ImmunityThe immune system response to chlamydia infections is local and involves relocation of the white blood cells to the infection sites. Additionally, the immune system response plays a vital role in secretion of cytokines and chemokines that are pro-inflammatory in nature. Similarly, the immune cells produce reactive oxygen species that initiate chronic inflammation. Consequently, cell proliferation occurs due to long-term inflammation that could lead to cancer. The autoimmune systems stimulation is directly linked to the long-term inflammation. In light to this, the individual recovering from the multi-drug resistant strain of the bacterium escapes future reinfection. Additionally, the B cells and the CD4 T cells play a significant role in offering immunity to susceptible individuals (Redgrave